What Do the Numbers on a Scope Mean?
The purpose of an optic—including rifle scopes and spotting scopes—is to enhance your ability to see distant targets by magnifying them while maintaining a clear, sharp image, and having the proper magnification range can make a difference in accuracy at near and far distances. Since there's a wide variety of applications for optics, you'll notice a variety of magnification ranges and objective lens diameters to choose from, which can make finding the right one challenging. Our Optics Experts explain what the numbers on a scope mean and offer general recommendations based on your application.
Scope Magnification Explained
Magnification is sometimes referred to as zoom or power. Optics can have either fixed or variable magnification:
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Fixed means that the magnification level stays the same. They are not as versatile, but they do provide a clear image and are more affordable.
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Variable means that the magnification level can be adjusted.
When purchasing a rifle scope, spotting scope, or other optic, the first number or set of numbers describes the magnification power. This is everything before the "x".
For example, with the Vortex Venom 5x56 Rifle Scope, you would only be able to see your target 5 times larger than the naked eye. On the other hand, the Vortex Venom 5-25x56 Rifle Scope has a magnification power ranging from 5x to 25x. This means that hunters can adjust the scope to magnify their target anywhere from 5 times larger up to 25 times larger.
The wider the range of magnification the more versatile the optic as it can perform well at both near and long-range distances. It's important to note that magnification levels influence the field of view. At a higher magnification level, you'll see less of the area around your target.
Objective Lens Diameter Explained
The number after the "x" is the objective lens diameter and is measured in millimeters (mm). This is the lens that gathers the light to produce the image, so the larger the objective lens the more light gathered and thus a clearer image even in low-light conditions. For instance, the Vortex Venom 5-25x56 Rifle Scope has an objective lens that is 56mm in diameter.
Scope Magnification Distance Chart
Once you understand what the numbers mean, it's important to know which magnification range best fits your application. Below our Optics Experts share general guidelines for choosing the best magnification range within your optic:
| Distance | Recommended Magnification | Best For |
|---|---|---|
| Up to 100 yards | 1x - 4x | Ideal for close-range accuracy, hunting small game |
| Up to 200 yards | 5x - 8x | Ideal for medium-range, hunting deer or larger game |
| Beyond 200 yards | 9x or 12x or higher | Ideal for long-range target shooting or hunting |
Since choosing an optic with the right magnification power is essential for precision and accuracy, optics brands like Vortex, Leupold, and others offer a range of magnification so you're able to dial into your application. If you have additional questions about choosing the right magnification power, stop into your local SCHEELS to speak with an Optics Expert.
